Arduino Online-Kurs basierend auf einem einfachen Starter-Kit

Momentan gibt es eine große Anzahl von Online- und Offline-Bildungsprogrammen, Kursen und Lehrmaterialien zu Arduino, und die Qualität dieser Kurse tritt in den Vordergrund, entspricht jedoch nicht immer den Erwartungen der Schüler und ihrer Eltern. Online-Kurse sind aufgrund ihrer geringen Interaktivität normalerweise unwirksam. Und die Effektivität von Offline-Kursen hängt stark von der Qualifikation des Lehrers ab, mit dem es manchmal Probleme gibt, da dieser Bereich im Vergleich zu anderen Schuldisziplinen relativ neu ist. Dieser Kurs soll diese beiden Probleme teilweise lösen. Einerseits sollte es aufgrund eines starken Anstiegs der Interaktivität effektiver sein als bestehende Online-Kurse, auf die weiter unten näher eingegangen wird. Auf der anderen Seite verringert die Erhöhung der Effektivität des Kurses selbst geringfügig die Rolle des Lehrers.So können Sie diese interaktiven Kurse in Regionen mit Personalmangel im Bereich des Arduino-Unterrichts nutzen.



Teil 1. Methodik.

Beginnen wir also mit dem, was Interaktivität ist, warum sie wichtig ist und wie sie im Rahmen dieses Kurses erreicht wird.
Eine inaktive Unterrichtsmethode beinhaltet die Interaktion der Schüler nicht nur mit dem Lehrer, sondern auch untereinander. Sie können mehr auf Wikipedia lesen .
Die Verwendung der interaktiven Methode ist wichtig, da sie effektiver ist als die passive Trainingsmethode. Diese Tatsache ist allgemein anerkannt, ebenso wie die Tatsache, dass eine Erhöhung der Interaktivität auch die Effektivität des Bildungsprozesses erhöht. Mehr dazu erfahren Sie.
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Die Kommunikation zwischen dem Lehrer und dem Schüler sowie zwischen den Schülern im Rahmen dieses Kurses wird aufgrund der Funktionalität von zwei sozialen Netzwerken implementiert: Vkontakte und Youtube. In beiden sozialen Netzwerken ist es möglich, ein öffentliches Gespräch zu führen, private Nachrichten zu senden und Benachrichtigungen über die Antwort auf eine Frage von Interesse zu erhalten.
Warum genau diese beiden sozialen Netzwerke?
, Youtube , Facebook, Instagram . .


: TNS

Teil 2. Kursstruktur.

Dieser Kurs ist für ein akademisches Jahr konzipiert und besteht aus 40 Lektionen (eine Lektion pro Woche).
In der ersten Hälfte des Kurses (20 Lektionen) werden allgemeine Kenntnisse über die Arduino-Plattform vermittelt, ihre Funktionen, Fähigkeiten, einfachen Beispiele und Prinzipien ihrer Arbeit analysiert. Beispiele für die Arbeit mit Peripheriegeräten (Sensoren, Ein- und Ausgangsinformationssysteme, Aktoren) werden ebenfalls gegeben. Es ist wichtig, dass für die ersten 20 Lektionen ein Arduino-Starter-Kit ausreicht , das in jedem chinesischen Online-Shop gekauft werden kann, ohne die Marke auf dem Paket zu viel zu bezahlen.

Jede Lektion des Kurses basiert auf einer Videolektion, enthält eine kurze Textbeschreibung der Lektion, alle erforderlichen Schemata und Skizzen. Wenn Sie während der Aufgabe auf Schwierigkeiten stoßen, wird empfohlen, dass Sie sich in den Kommentaren zum Video an den Autor der Videolektion wenden oder dort die richtige Antwort finden, wenn die Frage früher von anderen Schülern gestellt wurde. Es besteht immer die Möglichkeit, andere Schüler zu fragen, die zuvor Kommentare zum Video hinterlassen haben. Youtube ist dafür besser geeignet, aber Sie können auch Vk verwenden, angepasst an die Tatsache, dass der direkte Zugriff auf den Autor eines Video-Tutorials in Vk möglicherweise eingeschränkt ist.



In der zweiten Hälfte des Kurses(Klassen 21 bis 40) Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Entwurfsarbeit. Der Unterricht basiert auch auf Video-Tutorials. Zu Beginn der Lektion wird eine Liste mit Materialien, Teilen und Ausrüstung angegeben, die zusätzlich zum Arduino-Starterkit erforderlich ist. Der Einführungsteil ist beendet, gehen Sie direkt zum Kurs.

Interaktiver Arduino-Kurs

1. Bekanntschaft mit Arduino (zum Vergrößern anklicken)
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/*
Jeremy's First Program
It's awesome!
*/

int ledPin = 13;

void setup()
{
//initialize pins as outputs
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
delay(1000);
}

/*
Blink
Turns on an LED on for one second, then off for one second, repeatedly.

This example code is in the public domain.
*/

// Pin 13 has an LED connected on most Arduino boards.
// give it a name:
int led = 13;

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
// initialize the digital pin as an output.
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(led, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}
:


:

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2. Taste und PWM (PWM)
, , . . . PWM ().


1
/*
Arduino Tutorials
Episode 2
Switch1 Program
Written by: Jeremy Blum
*/

int switchPin = 8;
int ledPin = 13;

void setup()
{
pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
if (digitalRead(switchPin) == HIGH)
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}
}

2
/*
Arduino Tutorials
Episode 2
Switch Program
Written by: Jeremy Blum
*/

int switchPin = 8;
int ledPin = 13;
boolean lastButton = LOW;
boolean ledOn = false;

void setup()
{
pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
if (digitalRead(switchPin) == HIGH && lastButton == LOW)
{
ledOn = !ledOn;
lastButton = HIGH;
}
else
{
//lastButton = LOW;
lastButton = digitalRead(switchPin);
}

digitalWrite(ledPin, ledOn);

}

3
/*
Arduino Tutorials
Episode 2
Switch3 Program (debounced)
Written by: Jeremy Blum
*/

int switchPin = 8;
int ledPin = 13;
boolean lastButton = LOW;
boolean currentButton = LOW;
boolean ledOn = false;

void setup()
{
pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

boolean debounce(boolean last)
{
boolean current = digitalRead(switchPin);
if (last != current)
{
delay(5);
current = digitalRead(switchPin);
}
return current;
}

void loop()
{
currentButton = debounce(lastButton);
if (lastButton == LOW && currentButton == HIGH)
{
ledOn = !ledOn;
}
lastButton = currentButton;

digitalWrite(ledPin, ledOn);

}

4
/*
Arduino Tutorials
Episode 3
Switch4 Program (pwm)
Written by: Jeremy Blum
*/

int switchPin = 8;
int ledPin = 11;
boolean lastButton = LOW;
boolean currentButton = LOW;
int ledLevel = 0;

void setup()
{
pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

boolean debounce(boolean last)
{
boolean current = digitalRead(switchPin);
if (last != current)
{
delay(5);
current = digitalRead(switchPin);
}
return current;
}

void loop()
{
currentButton = debounce(lastButton);
if (lastButton == LOW && currentButton == HIGH)
{
ledLevel = ledLevel + 51;
}
lastButton = currentButton;

if (ledLevel > 255) ledLevel = 0;
analogWrite(ledPin, ledLevel);

}

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3. Das Potentiometer. Grundlagen der Schaltung
: , , , , , Arduino


1
//Reads the State of a Button and displays it on the screen

int buttonPin = 8;

void setup()
{
//sets the button pin as an input
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);

//Allows us to listen to serial communications from the arduino
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{
// print the button state to a serial terminal
Serial.println(digitalRead(buttonPin));
delay(1000);
//wait one second, then print again.
}

2
//Reads the State of a Pot and displays on screen

int potPin = 0;

void setup()
{
//sets the button pin as an input
pinMode(potPin, INPUT);

//Allows us to listen to serial communications from the arduino
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{
// print the button state to a serial terminal
Serial.println(analogRead(potPin));
delay(1000);
//wait one second, then print again.
}

. , . ? : (7-14 ), 5 ( HIGH). , .
: :


4. Lichtsensor
Arduino, . .

int sensePin =0;
int ledPin =3;

void setup()
{
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
int val = analogRead(sensePin);

val = constrain(val, 750, 900);
int ledLevel = map(val, 750, 900, 255, 0);

analogWrite(ledPin, ledLevel);
}

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5. RGB-LED

const int RED_PIN = 9;
const int GREEN_PIN = 10;
const int BLUE_PIN = 11;

void setup()
{
pinMode(RED_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(GREEN_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(BLUE_PIN, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
mainColors();
showSpectrum();
}

void mainColors()
{
digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW);
digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, LOW);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH);
digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, LOW);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW);
digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, HIGH);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, LOW);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW);
digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH);
digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, HIGH);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, LOW);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW);
digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, HIGH);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH);
digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH);
digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, HIGH);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, HIGH);

delay(1000);
}

void showSpectrum()
{
int x;
for (x = 0; x < 768; x++)
{
showRGB(x);
delay(10);
}
}

void showRGB(int color)
{
int redIntensity;
int greenIntensity;
int blueIntensity;

if (color <= 255)
{
redIntensity = 255 — color;
greenIntensity = color;
blueIntensity = 0;
}
else if (color <= 511)
{
redIntensity = 0;
greenIntensity = 255 — (color — 256);
blueIntensity = (color — 256);
}
else // color >= 512
{
redIntensity = (color — 512);
greenIntensity = 0;
blueIntensity = 255 — (color — 512);
}
analogWrite(RED_PIN, redIntensity);
analogWrite(BLUE_PIN, blueIntensity);
analogWrite(GREEN_PIN, greenIntensity);
}

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6. Servo, Bibliotheken

//
#include <Servo.h>
// — arduino.cc/en/Reference/Servo

Servo servo1; // №1

void setup()
{
servo1.attach(9); // 9
//servo1.detach()
}

void loop()
{
int position; // ,

// :

servo1.write(90); // 90 .
delay(1000); //
servo1.write(180); // 180 .
delay(1000); //
servo1.write(0); // 0 .
delay(1000); //

// :
// 0 180 2

for(position = 0; position < 180; position += 2)
{
servo1.write(position); //
delay(20); //
}

// 180 0 1

for(position = 180; position >= 0; position -= 1)
{
servo1.write(position); //
delay(20); //
}
}

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7. IR-Empfänger

#include «IRremote.h»

// 0
const int IR_PIN = A0;

//
IRrecv irrecv(IR_PIN);
void setup (){
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println(«ready»);
//
irrecv.enableIRIn();
}

void loop() {
// results
//
decode_results results;
// —
//
if (irrecv.decode(&results)) {
Serial.println(results.value);
irrecv.resume();
}
}

IRremote
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serial monitor :



8. Temperatursensor DHT11


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#include <DHT.h>
#define dht_apin A0 // Analog Pin sensor is connected to

dht DHT;

void setup(){

Serial.begin(9600);
delay(500);//Delay to let system boot
Serial.println(«DHT11 Humidity & temperature Sensor\n\n»);
delay(1000);//Wait before accessing Sensor

}//end «setup()»

void loop(){
//Start of Program

DHT.read11(dht_apin);

Serial.print(«Current humidity = „);
Serial.print(DHT.humidity);
Serial.print(“% „);
Serial.print(“temperature = „);
Serial.print(DHT.temperature);
Serial.println(“C „);

delay(5000);//Wait 5 seconds before accessing sensor again.

//Fastest should be once every two seconds.

}// end loop()

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9. Temperatursensor LM35

float tempC;
int reading;
int tempPin = 0;

void setup()
{
analogReference(INTERNAL);
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{
reading = analogRead(tempPin);
tempC = reading / 9.31;
Serial.println(tempC);
delay(1000);
}




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10. Relais

/*
Blink
Turns on an LED on for one second, then off for one second, repeatedly.

This example code is in the public domain.
*/

// Pin 4 has an LED connected on most Arduino boards.
// give it a name:
int led = 4;

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
// initialize the digital pin as an output.
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(led, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}

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11. Sieben-Segment-Anzeige

//http://arduinoworks.com
int e = 3;
int d = 4;
int c = 5;
int b = 6;
int a = 7;
int f = 8;
int g = 9;
int p= 10;
void setup()
{
pinMode(e, OUTPUT);
pinMode(d, OUTPUT);
pinMode(c, OUTPUT);
pinMode(b, OUTPUT);
pinMode(a, OUTPUT);
pinMode(f, OUTPUT);
pinMode(g, OUTPUT);
pinMode(p, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(p,HIGH);
}
void displayDigit(int digit)
{
//Arduino Works Code for 7 segment Display
if(digit ==0)
{
digitalWrite(e,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d,HIGH);
digitalWrite(c,HIGH);
digitalWrite(b,HIGH);
digitalWrite(a,HIGH);
digitalWrite(f,HIGH);

}
else if(digit==1)
{
digitalWrite(b,HIGH);
digitalWrite(c,HIGH);
}

else if(digit ==2)
{
digitalWrite(a,HIGH);
digitalWrite(b,HIGH);
digitalWrite(g,HIGH);
digitalWrite(e,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d,HIGH);
}

else if(digit ==3)
{
digitalWrite(a,HIGH);
digitalWrite(b,HIGH);
digitalWrite(g,HIGH);
digitalWrite(c,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d,HIGH);
}


else if(digit == 4)
{
digitalWrite(f,HIGH);
digitalWrite(g,HIGH);
digitalWrite(b,HIGH);
digitalWrite(c,HIGH);
}
else if(digit == 5)
{
digitalWrite(a,HIGH);
digitalWrite(f,HIGH);
digitalWrite(g,HIGH);
digitalWrite(c,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d,HIGH);
}



else if(digit ==6)
{
digitalWrite(a,HIGH);
digitalWrite(f,HIGH);
digitalWrite(e,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d,HIGH);
digitalWrite(c,HIGH);
digitalWrite(g,HIGH);
}
else if(digit ==7)
{
digitalWrite(a,HIGH);
digitalWrite(b,HIGH);
digitalWrite(c,HIGH);
}
else if(digit ==8)
{
digitalWrite(a,HIGH);
digitalWrite(b,HIGH);
digitalWrite(c,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d,HIGH);
digitalWrite(e,HIGH);
digitalWrite(f,HIGH);
digitalWrite(g,HIGH);

}
else if(digit ==9)
{
digitalWrite(a,HIGH);
digitalWrite(b,HIGH);
digitalWrite(c,HIGH);
digitalWrite(d,HIGH);
digitalWrite(f,HIGH);
digitalWrite(g,HIGH);
}


}
void turnOff()
{
digitalWrite(a,LOW);
digitalWrite(b,LOW);
digitalWrite(c,LOW);
digitalWrite(d,LOW);
digitalWrite(e,LOW);
digitalWrite(f,LOW);
digitalWrite(g,LOW);
}

void loop()
{
//7 Segment Display with Arduino
for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
{
displayDigit(i);
delay(1000);
turnOff();
}
}

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12. Vierstellige Sieben-Segment-Anzeige

/* A, B, C, D, E, F, G DP.
5 12: Arduino Uno,
.*/
int A = 5;
int B = 6;
int C = 7;
int D = 8;
int E = 9;
int F = 10;
int G = 11;
int DP = 12;
int z,y,w,x;
int K1 = 4;
int K2 = 3;
int K3 = 2;
int K4 = 1;
/*
,
0 9.*/
int a [10] = {1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1};
int b [10] = {1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1};
int c [10] = {1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
int d [10] = {1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1};
int e [10] = {1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0};
int f [10] = {1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,1};
int g [10] = {0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1};
int dp [10] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};

void setup() {
// Arduino
pinMode(A, OUTPUT);
pinMode(B, OUTPUT);
pinMode(C, OUTPUT);
pinMode(D, OUTPUT);
pinMode(E, OUTPUT);
pinMode(F, OUTPUT);
pinMode(G, OUTPUT);
pinMode(DP, OUTPUT);
pinMode(K1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(K2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(K3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(K4, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {

for( z = 9; z > 1; z-) {
for( y = 9; y > 1; y-) {
for( w = 9; w > 1; w-) {
for( x = 9; x > 1; x-) {
Myflesh(z,y,w,x);
Myflesh(z,y,w,x);
Myflesh(z,y,w,x);
Myflesh(z,y,w,x);
Myflesh(z,y,w,x);
}
}
}
}
}

void Myflesh(int i,int j,int k,int m) {
digitalWrite(A, a [i]);
digitalWrite(B, b [i]);
digitalWrite(C, c [i]);
digitalWrite(D, d [i]);
digitalWrite(E, e [i]);
digitalWrite(F, f [i]);
digitalWrite(G, g [i]);
digitalWrite(DP, dp [i]);
digitalWrite(K1, 0);
delay(3);
digitalWrite(K1, 1);
digitalWrite(A, a [j]);
digitalWrite(B, b [j]);
digitalWrite(C, c [j]);
digitalWrite(D, d [j]);
digitalWrite(E, e [j]);
digitalWrite(F, f [j]);
digitalWrite(G, g [j]);
digitalWrite(DP, dp [j]);
digitalWrite(K2, 0);
delay(3);
digitalWrite(K2, 1);
digitalWrite(A, a [k]);
digitalWrite(B, b [k]);
digitalWrite(C, c [k]);
digitalWrite(D, d [k]);
digitalWrite(E, e [k]);
digitalWrite(F, f [k]);
digitalWrite(G, g [k]);
digitalWrite(DP, dp [k]);
digitalWrite(K3, 0);
delay(3);
digitalWrite(K3, 1);
digitalWrite(A, a [m]);
digitalWrite(B, b [m]);
digitalWrite(C, c [m]);
digitalWrite(D, d [m]);
digitalWrite(E, e [m]);
digitalWrite(F, f [m]);
digitalWrite(G, g [m]);
digitalWrite(DP, dp [m]);
digitalWrite(K4, 0);
delay(3);
digitalWrite(K4, 1);
// delay(3);
}

/*
This Arduino code for “4-digit-7-segment-led-display» (KYX-5461AS).
* This code can display one Number in all 4 digit!
* This code can display 4 Numbers each on in specific digit
* This code can also make a Number Countdown (Timers).
author: Oussama Amri (@amriunix)
website: ithepro.com
*/

//display pins
int segA = 5; // >> 11
int segB = 13; // >> 7
int segC = 10; // >> 4
int segD = 8; // >> 2
int segE = 7; // >> 1
int segF = 4; // >> 10
int segG = 11; // >> 5
int segPt = 9; // >> 3
//------------//

//display digit
int d1 = 6; // >> 12
int d2 = 3; // >> 9
int d3 = 2; // >> 8
int d4 = 12; // >> 6
//------------//

int delayTime = 5000; //delayTime <Don't change it, if you don't know where is it!>

int i=0;

//=============================================//
//init all pin used
void setup() {
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
pinMode(5, OUTPUT);
pinMode(6, OUTPUT);
pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
pinMode(8, OUTPUT);
pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
pinMode(11, OUTPUT);
pinMode(12, OUTPUT);
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}

//=============================================//
void loop() {
//down(0,0,2,4);
all(5);
//writeN(1,9,9,4);
}

//=============================================//
//Write a Number — writeN(1,9,9,0) -> 1990
void writeN(int a,int b,int c,int d){
selectDwriteL(1,a);
selectDwriteL(2,b);
selectDwriteL(3,c);
selectDwriteL(4,d);
}

//=============================================//
//Make a Number Number Countdown (Timers).
void down(int a,int b,int c,int d){
while (a != -1) {
while(b != -1){
while(c != -1){
while (d != -1) {
while (i<10) { // i here is like a timer! because we can't use delay function
selectDwriteL(1,a);
selectDwriteL(2,b);
selectDwriteL(3,c);
selectDwriteL(4,d);
i++;
}
i=0;
d--;
}
d=9;
c--;
}
c=9;
b--;
}
b=9;
a--;
}
}

//=============================================//
//Select Wich Digit (selectD) is going to Display (writeL)
void selectDwriteL(int d,int l){
switch (d) { // choose a digit
case 0: digitalWrite(d1, LOW); //case 0 — All ON
digitalWrite(d2, LOW);
digitalWrite(d3, LOW);
digitalWrite(d4, LOW);
break;
case 1: digitalWrite(d1, LOW);//case 1 — Digit Number 1
digitalWrite(d2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(d3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(d4, HIGH);
break;
case 2: digitalWrite(d1, HIGH);//case 1 — Digit Number 2
digitalWrite(d2, LOW);
digitalWrite(d3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(d4, HIGH);
break;
case 3: digitalWrite(d1, HIGH);//case 1 — Digit Number 3
digitalWrite(d2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(d3, LOW);
digitalWrite(d4, HIGH);
break;
case 4: digitalWrite(d1, HIGH);//case 1 — Digit Number 4
digitalWrite(d2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(d3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(d4, LOW);
break;
}

switch (l) { // choose a Number
case 0: zero();
break;
case 1: one();
break;
case 2: two();
break;
case 3: three();
break;
case 4: four();
break;
case 5: five();
break;
case 6: six();
break;
case 7: seven();
break;
case 8: eight();
break;
case 9: nine();
break;
case 10: point(); // print a Point
break;
case 11: none(); // make all them off!
break;
}

delayMicroseconds(delayTime); // delayTime for nice display of the Number!

}

//=============================================//
//shown one Number in the 4 Digit
void all(int n){
selectDwriteL(0,n);
}

//=============================================//
void zero(){
digitalWrite(segA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segB, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segC, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segD, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segE, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segF, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segG, LOW);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void one(){
digitalWrite(segA, LOW);
digitalWrite(segB, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segC, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segD, LOW);
digitalWrite(segE, LOW);
digitalWrite(segF, LOW);
digitalWrite(segG, LOW);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void two(){
digitalWrite(segA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segB, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segC, LOW);
digitalWrite(segD, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segE, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segF, LOW);
digitalWrite(segG, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void three(){
digitalWrite(segA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segB, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segC, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segD, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segE, LOW);
digitalWrite(segF, LOW);
digitalWrite(segG, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void four(){
digitalWrite(segA, LOW);
digitalWrite(segB, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segC, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segD, LOW);
digitalWrite(segE, LOW);
digitalWrite(segF, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segG, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void five(){
digitalWrite(segA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segB, LOW);
digitalWrite(segC, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segD, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segE, LOW);
digitalWrite(segF, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segG, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void six(){
digitalWrite(segA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segB, LOW);
digitalWrite(segC, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segD, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segE, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segF, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segG, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void seven(){
digitalWrite(segA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segB, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segC, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segD, LOW);
digitalWrite(segE, LOW);
digitalWrite(segF, LOW);
digitalWrite(segG, LOW);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void eight(){
digitalWrite(segA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segB, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segC, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segD, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segE, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segF, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segG, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void nine(){
digitalWrite(segA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segB, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segC, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segD, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segE, LOW);
digitalWrite(segF, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segG, HIGH);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}
//=============================================//
void point(){
digitalWrite(segA, LOW);
digitalWrite(segB, LOW);
digitalWrite(segC, LOW);
digitalWrite(segD, LOW);
digitalWrite(segE, LOW);
digitalWrite(segF, LOW);
digitalWrite(segG, LOW);
digitalWrite(segPt, HIGH);
}
//=============================================//
void none(){
digitalWrite(segA, LOW);
digitalWrite(segB, LOW);
digitalWrite(segC, LOW);
digitalWrite(segD, LOW);
digitalWrite(segE, LOW);
digitalWrite(segF, LOW);
digitalWrite(segG, LOW);
digitalWrite(segPt, LOW);
}

:



:

, . , 4 :

.

13. Schrittmotor 28BYJ-48

// This Arduino example demonstrates bidirectional operation of a
// 28BYJ-48, using a ULN2003 interface board to drive the stepper.
// The 28BYJ-48 motor is a 4-phase, 8-beat motor, geared down by
// a factor of 68. One bipolar winding is on motor pins 1 & 3 and
// the other on motor pins 2 & 4. The step angle is 5.625/64 and the
// operating Frequency is 100pps. Current draw is 92mA.
////////////////////////////////////////////////

//declare variables for the motor pins
int motorPin1 = 8; // Blue — 28BYJ48 pin 1
int motorPin2 = 9; // Pink — 28BYJ48 pin 2
int motorPin3 = 10; // Yellow — 28BYJ48 pin 3
int motorPin4 = 11; // Orange — 28BYJ48 pin 4
// Red — 28BYJ48 pin 5 (VCC)

int motorSpeed = 1200; //variable to set stepper speed
int count = 0; // count of steps made
int countsperrev = 512; // number of steps per full revolution
int lookup[8] = {B01000, B01100, B00100, B00110, B00010, B00011, B00001, B01001};

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void setup() {
//declare the motor pins as outputs
pinMode(motorPin1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(motorPin2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(motorPin3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(motorPin4, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void loop(){
if(count < countsperrev )
clockwise();
else if (count == countsperrev * 2)
count = 0;
else
anticlockwise();
count++;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//set pins to ULN2003 high in sequence from 1 to 4
//delay «motorSpeed» between each pin setting (to determine speed)
void anticlockwise()
{
for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
setOutput(i);
delayMicroseconds(motorSpeed);
}
}

void clockwise()
{
for(int i = 7; i >= 0; i--)
{
setOutput(i);
delayMicroseconds(motorSpeed);
}
}

void setOutput(int out)
{
digitalWrite(motorPin1, bitRead(lookup[out], 0));
digitalWrite(motorPin2, bitRead(lookup[out], 1));
digitalWrite(motorPin3, bitRead(lookup[out], 2));
digitalWrite(motorPin4, bitRead(lookup[out], 3));
}


:
5V+ connect to +5V
5V- connect to 0V (Ground)
IN1: to Arduino digital input pin 8
IN2: to Arduino digital input pin 9
IN3: to Arduino digital input pin 10
IN4: to Arduino digital input pin 11
:

.

14. Joystick

/*
AnalogReadSerial
Reads an analog input on pin 0, prints the result to the serial monitor.
Attach the center pin of a potentiometer to pin A0, and the outside pins to +5V and ground.

This example code is in the public domain.
*/

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
Serial.begin(9600);
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
// read the input on analog pin 0:
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
// print out the value you read:
Serial.println(sensorValue);
delay(1); // delay in between reads for stability
}

// Controlling a servo position using a potentiometer (variable resistor)
// by Michal Rinott <people.interaction-ivrea.it/m.rinott>

#include <Servo.h>

Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo

int potpin = 0; // analog pin used to connect the potentiometer
int val; // variable to read the value from the analog pin

void setup()
{
myservo.attach(9); // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object
}

void loop()
{
val = analogRead(potpin); // reads the value of the potentiometer (value between 0 and 1023)
val = map(val, 0, 1023, 0, 179); // scale it to use it with the servo (value between 0 and 180)
myservo.write(val); // sets the servo position according to the scaled value
delay(15); // waits for the servo to get there
}

:

:

.

15. Schallsensor

/*
AnalogReadSerial
Reads an analog input on pin 0, prints the result to the serial monitor.
Attach the center pin of a potentiometer to pin A0, and the outside pins to +5V and ground.

This example code is in the public domain.
*/

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
Serial.begin(9600);
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
// read the input on analog pin 0:
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
// print out the value you read:
Serial.println(sensorValue);
delay(1); // delay in between reads for stability
}

:

, .

:
int Count=0; //
int Relay=0; //
void setup() {
pinMode(3, OUTPUT); // 3

}

void loop() {
Count=analogRead(4); //
if(Count > 200 && Count < 600)
{
delay(250); // 250
for(int t=0; t<=500; t++)
{
delay(1);
Count=analogRead(4); //
if(Count > 200 && Count < 600)
{
Relay=!Relay; //
break; //
delay(200); //
}
}
}
digitalWrite(3,Relay);
}

:

:

.

16. Uhrmodul DS1302


// DS1302_Serial_Easy ©2010 Henning Karlsen
// web: www.henningkarlsen.com/electronics
//
// A quick demo of how to use my DS1302-library to
// quickly send time and date information over a serial link
//
// I assume you know how to connect the DS1302.
// DS1302: CE pin -> Arduino Digital 2
// I/O pin -> Arduino Digital 3
// SCLK pin -> Arduino Digital 4

#include <DS1302.h>

// Init the DS1302
DS1302 rtc(2, 3, 4);

void setup()
{
// Set the clock to run-mode, and disable the write protection
rtc.halt(false);
rtc.writeProtect(false);

// Setup Serial connection
Serial.begin(9600);

// The following lines can be commented out to use the values already stored in the DS1302
rtc.setDOW(FRIDAY); // Set Day-of-Week to FRIDAY
rtc.setTime(12, 0, 0); // Set the time to 12:00:00 (24hr format)
rtc.setDate(6, 8, 2010); // Set the date to August 6th, 2010
}

void loop()
{
// Send Day-of-Week
Serial.print(rtc.getDOWStr());
Serial.print(" ");

// Send date
Serial.print(rtc.getDateStr());
Serial.print(" — ");

// Send time
Serial.println(rtc.getTimeStr());

// Wait one second before repeating :)
delay (1000);
}

:

:



17. Flüssigkeitsstandsensor
:
:
: dc3-5v
: 20
:
. . .

AnalogRead
/*
AnalogReadSerial
Reads an analog input on pin 0, prints the result to the serial monitor.
Attach the center pin of a potentiometer to pin A0, and the outside pins to +5V and ground.

This example code is in the public domain.
*/

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
Serial.begin(9600);
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
// read the input on analog pin 0:
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
// print out the value you read:
Serial.println(sensorValue);
delay(1); // delay in between reads for stability
}

:

:


18. Matrix 8x8
. 16 . MAX7219, 5 .


// Show messages scrolling from right to left.
#include <FrequencyTimer2.h>

#define SPACE { \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0} \
}

#define E { \
{0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0} \
}

#define G { \
{0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0} \
}

#define H { \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0} \
}

#define K { \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0} \
}

#define L { \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0} \
}

#define O { \
{0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, \
{0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0} \
}

byte col=0;
byte leds[8][8];

int pins[17]={-1, 5, 4, 3, 2, 14, 15, 16, 17, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6};
int cols[8] ={pins[13], pins[3], pins[4], pins[10], pins[06], pins[11], pins[15], pins[16]};
int rows[8] ={pins[9], pins[14], pins[8], pins[12], pins[1], pins[7], pins[2], pins[5]};

const int numPatterns=10;
byte patterns[numPatterns][8][8]={H,E,L,L,O,SPACE,G,K,L,SPACE};
int pattern=0;

void setup()
{
for (int i=1; i<=16; i++) {pinMode(pins[i], OUTPUT);}
for (int i=1; i<=8; i++) {digitalWrite(cols[i-1], LOW);}
for (int i=1; i<=8; i++) {digitalWrite(rows[i-1], LOW);}

clearLeds();

FrequencyTimer2::disable();
FrequencyTimer2::setPeriod(2000); // sets refresh rate
FrequencyTimer2::setOnOverflow(display);
setPattern(pattern);
}

void loop()
{
pattern=++pattern%numPatterns;
slidePattern(pattern, 60);
}

void clearLeds() {
for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {
for (int j=0; j<8; j++) {leds[i][j]=0;}
}
}

void setPattern(int pattern) {
for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {
for (int j=0; j<8; j++) {leds[i][j] = patterns[pattern][i][j];}
}
}

void slidePattern(int pattern, int del) {
for (int l=0; l<8; l++) {
for (int i=0; i<7; i++) {
for (int j=0; j<8; j++) {leds[j][i] = leds[j][i+1];}
}
for (int j=0; j<8; j++) {leds[j][7] = patterns[pattern][j][0 + l];}
delay(del);
}
}

void display() {
digitalWrite(cols[col], LOW);
col++;
if (col==8) {col=0;}
for (int row=0; row<8; row++) {
if (leds[col][7-row]==1) {digitalWrite(rows[row], LOW);}
else {digitalWrite(rows[row], HIGH);}
}
digitalWrite(cols[col], HIGH);}


:

:


19. RFID Reader RC522


Dumpinfo
/*
* — * Example sketch/program showing how to read data from a PICC to serial.
* — * This is a MFRC522 library example; for further details and other examples see: github.com/miguelbalboa/rfid
*
* Example sketch/program showing how to read data from a PICC (that is: a RFID Tag or Card) using a MFRC522 based RFID
* Reader on the Arduino SPI interface.
*
* When the Arduino and the MFRC522 module are connected (see the pin layout below), load this sketch into Arduino IDE
* then verify/compile and upload it. To see the output: use Tools, Serial Monitor of the IDE (hit Ctrl+Shft+M). When
* you present a PICC (that is: a RFID Tag or Card) at reading distance of the MFRC522 Reader/PCD, the serial output
* will show the ID/UID, type and any data blocks it can read. Note: you may see «Timeout in communication» messages
* when removing the PICC from reading distance too early.
*
* If your reader supports it, this sketch/program will read all the PICCs presented (that is: multiple tag reading).
* So if you stack two or more PICCs on top of each other and present them to the reader, it will first output all
* details of the first and then the next PICC. Note that this may take some time as all data blocks are dumped, so
* keep the PICCs at reading distance until complete.
*
* @license Released into the public domain.
*
* Typical pin layout used:
* — * MFRC522 Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino
* Reader/PCD Uno Mega Nano v3 Leonardo/Micro Pro Micro
* Signal Pin Pin Pin Pin Pin Pin
* — * RST/Reset RST 9 5 D9 RESET/ICSP-5 RST
* SPI SS SDA(SS) 10 53 D10 10 10
* SPI MOSI MOSI 11 / ICSP-4 51 D11 ICSP-4 16
* SPI MISO MISO 12 / ICSP-1 50 D12 ICSP-1 14
* SPI SCK SCK 13 / ICSP-3 52 D13 ICSP-3 15
*/

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>

#define RST_PIN 9 // Configurable, see typical pin layout above
#define SS_PIN 10 // Configurable, see typical pin layout above

MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN); // Create MFRC522 instance

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial communications with the PC
while (!Serial); // Do nothing if no serial port is opened (added for Arduinos based on ATMEGA32U4)
SPI.begin(); // Init SPI bus
mfrc522.PCD_Init(); // Init MFRC522
mfrc522.PCD_DumpVersionToSerial(); // Show details of PCD — MFRC522 Card Reader details
Serial.println(F(«Scan PICC to see UID, SAK, type, and data blocks...»));
}

void loop() {
// Look for new cards
if (! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) {
return;
}

// Select one of the cards
if (! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {
return;
}

// Dump debug info about the card; PICC_HaltA() is automatically called
mfrc522.PICC_DumpToSerial(&(mfrc522.uid));
}

:

:

.

20. Anzeige 16x2

LiquidCrystal_I2C
I2C Scanner
// — // i2c_scanner
//
// Version 1
// This program (or code that looks like it)
// can be found in many places.
// For example on the Arduino.cc forum.
// The original author is not know.
// Version 2, Juni 2012, Using Arduino 1.0.1
// Adapted to be as simple as possible by Arduino.cc user Krodal
// Version 3, Feb 26 2013
// V3 by louarnold
// Version 4, March 3, 2013, Using Arduino 1.0.3
// by Arduino.cc user Krodal.
// Changes by louarnold removed.
// Scanning addresses changed from 0...127 to 1...119,
// according to the i2c scanner by Nick Gammon
// www.gammon.com.au/forum/?id=10896
// Version 5, March 28, 2013
// As version 4, but address scans now to 127.
// A sensor seems to use address 120.
// Version 6, November 27, 2015.
// Added waiting for the Leonardo serial communication.
//
//
// This sketch tests the standard 7-bit addresses
// Devices with higher bit address might not be seen properly.
//

#include <Wire.h>


void setup()
{
Wire.begin();

Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial); // Leonardo: wait for serial monitor
Serial.println("\nI2C Scanner");
}


void loop()
{
byte error, address;
int nDevices;

Serial.println(«Scanning...»);

nDevices = 0;
for(address = 1; address < 127; address++ )
{
// The i2c_scanner uses the return value of
// the Write.endTransmisstion to see if
// a device did acknowledge to the address.
Wire.beginTransmission(address);
error = Wire.endTransmission();

if (error == 0)
{
Serial.print(«I2C device found at address 0x»);
if (address<16)
Serial.print(«0»);
Serial.print(address,HEX);
Serial.println(" !");

nDevices++;
}
else if (error==4)
{
Serial.print(«Unknow error at address 0x»);
if (address<16)
Serial.print(«0»);
Serial.println(address,HEX);
}
}
if (nDevices == 0)
Serial.println(«No I2C devices found\n»);
else
Serial.println(«done\n»);

delay(5000); // wait 5 seconds for next scan
}

:

:



Wenn Sie diese 20 Klassen untereinander kombinieren, erhalten Sie weitere 190 (20 * 19/2) verschiedene Klassen. Wenn Sie beispielsweise eine Lektion über ein Relais mit einer Lektion über einen IR-Empfänger kombinieren, können Sie ein Gerät zusammenbauen, das die Last von der Fernbedienung des Fernsehgeräts aus steuert. In diesem Fall muss der Schüler nicht nur zwei Elemente mit dem Arduino verbinden und eine Skizze schreiben, damit sie zusammenarbeiten, sondern auch den möglichen Zweck solcher Geräte ausdenken. Daher können diese 190 Aufgaben als kreativ angesehen werden.

Klassen 21-40. Projekte

21. Unbemanntes Fahrzeug

#define Trig 8
#define Echo 9
#include <Servo.h>

Servo servo;

int ugol = 90;
int smotrim_vlevo = 0;
int smotrim_vpravo = 0;
int smotrim_priamo = 0;
int vremia;

const int in11 = 0; // L298N-1 pin 1
const int in12 = 1; // L298N-1 pin 2
const int in13 = 2; // L298N-1 pin 2
const int in14 = 3; // L298N-1 pin 3

const int in21 = 4; // L298N-2 pin 1
const int in22 = 5; // L298N-2 pin 2
const int in23 = 6; // L298N-2 pin 2
const int in24 = 7; // L298N-2 pin 3

void setup()
{
servo.attach(10); // 10

pinMode(Trig, OUTPUT); //
pinMode(Echo, INPUT); //

pinMode(in11, OUTPUT); // L298n
pinMode(in12, OUTPUT); // L298n
pinMode(in13, OUTPUT); // L298n
pinMode(in14, OUTPUT); // L298n

pinMode(in21, OUTPUT); // L298n
pinMode(in22, OUTPUT); // L298n
pinMode(in23, OUTPUT); // L298n
pinMode(in24, OUTPUT); // L298n

}

void ehat_priamo(){

digitalWrite(in11, LOW);
digitalWrite(in12, HIGH);

digitalWrite(in13, LOW);
digitalWrite(in14, HIGH);

digitalWrite(in21, LOW);
digitalWrite(in22, HIGH);

digitalWrite(in23, HIGH);
digitalWrite(in24, LOW);
}

void ehat_vpravo()
{

digitalWrite(in21, LOW);
digitalWrite(in22, HIGH);

digitalWrite(in23, HIGH);
digitalWrite(in24, LOW);
}

void ehat_vlevo(){

digitalWrite(in21, HIGH);
digitalWrite(in22, LOW);

digitalWrite(in23, LOW);
digitalWrite(in24, HIGH);

}

void stoiat(){ //
digitalWrite(in11, LOW);
digitalWrite(in12, LOW);

digitalWrite(in13, LOW);
digitalWrite(in14, LOW);

digitalWrite(in21, LOW);
digitalWrite(in22, LOW);

digitalWrite(in23, LOW);
digitalWrite(in24, LOW);
}

void kak_meriat_sleva(){
digitalWrite(Trig, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(Trig, LOW);
vremia = pulseIn(Echo, HIGH);
smotrim_vlevo = vremia/58;
}

void kak_meriat_priamo(){
digitalWrite(Trig, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(Trig, LOW);
vremia = pulseIn(Echo, HIGH);
smotrim_priamo = vremia/58;
}

void kak_meriat_sprava(){
digitalWrite(Trig, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(Trig, LOW);
vremia = pulseIn(Echo, HIGH);
smotrim_vpravo = vremia/58;
}

void loop(){
kak_meriat_priamo();
if(smotrim_priamo<30){
stoiat();
delay(100);
for(ugol=90;ugol>=10;ugol--){
servo.write(ugol);
delay(5);
}

kak_meriat_sprava();
delay(100);
for(ugol=10;ugol<=170;ugol++){
servo.write(ugol);
delay(5);
}

kak_meriat_sleva();
delay(100);
for(ugol=170;ugol>=90;ugol--){
servo.write(ugol);
delay(5);
}

if(smotrim_vpravo < smotrim_vlevo){


ehat_vpravo();
delay(400);
stoiat();
}

else{

ehat_vlevo();
delay(400);
stoiat();
}

}

else{
ehat_priamo();
}
}


2WD . 4WD .

:



22. Maschine von einem Smartphone aus gesteuert

int val;
int LED = 13;
int LED2 = 11;
int LED3 = 12;

#include <AFMotor.h> //
#include <Servo.h> // ,

// M1, M2, M3, M4
AF_DCMotor motor1(1);
AF_DCMotor motor2(2);
AF_DCMotor motor3(3);
AF_DCMotor motor4(4);

void setup()
{
// ( PWM)
motor1.setSpeed(255);
motor1.run(RELEASE);
motor2.setSpeed(255);
motor2.run(RELEASE);
motor3.setSpeed(255);
motor3.run(RELEASE);
motor4.setSpeed(255);
motor4.run(RELEASE);

Serial.begin(9600);

}
int i;

void loop()
{
if (Serial.available())
{
val = Serial.read();

if (val == '5') // «5»
{digitalWrite(LED, HIGH);}
if (val == '6') // «6»
{digitalWrite(LED,LOW );}
if (val == 'Y') // «7»
{digitalWrite(LED2,HIGH );}
if (val == 'B') // «8»
{digitalWrite(LED3,HIGH );}

//
if (val == 'W') // «W»
{
// Motor Shield'
//
motor1.run(FORWARD); //
motor4.run(FORWARD);
motor1.setSpeed(255); //
motor4.setSpeed(255);
}

//
if ( val == 'S')
{
//
motor1.run(BACKWARD); //
motor4.run(BACKWARD);
motor1.setSpeed(255); //
motor4.setSpeed(255);
}

//
if ( val == 'D')
{
motor4.run(FORWARD); //
motor4.setSpeed(255); //
}

//
if ( val == 'A')
{
motor1.run(FORWARD); //
motor1.setSpeed(255); //
}

//
// «T»
if ( val == 'T') // «T»
{
motor1.run(RELEASE);
motor4.run(RELEASE);

}
if ( val == 'N') // «T»
{
// ENABLE ,

digitalWrite(LED2,LOW );
digitalWrite(LED3,LOW );
}
}
}


:

:



23. Roboterstaubsauger

- Android , RobotC, AppInventor.
«» , Bluetooth -.
: , , , , , , . , Bluetooth , Arduino , , - , Arduino.
«» - , «».
«» .
- , .
#define mot_ena 9 //
#define mot_in1 8 //
#define mot_in2 7 //
#define mot_in3 6 //
#define mot_in4 4 //
#define mot_enb 10 //

#define ir_1 A0 // 1 -
#define ir_2 A1 // 2 -
#define ir_3 A2 // 3 -
#define ir_4 A3 // 4 -
#define ir_5 A4 // 5 -
#define ir_6 A5 // 6 -

#define lev_vik 11 //
#define pra_vik 12 //

//
byte max_skor_lev = 254;
byte max_skor_prav = 244;
//---------------------------------

byte min_skor = 0;

void setup() {

randomSeed(analogRead(A7));
//
pinMode(3, INPUT); //
pinMode(2, INPUT); //
//-------------------------
//
pinMode(mot_ena, OUTPUT);
pinMode(mot_in1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(mot_in2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(mot_in3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(mot_in4, OUTPUT);
pinMode(mot_enb, OUTPUT);
//-------------------------------------------
// -
pinMode(ir_1, INPUT);
pinMode(ir_2, INPUT);
pinMode(ir_3, INPUT);
pinMode(ir_4, INPUT);
pinMode(ir_5, INPUT);
pinMode(ir_6, INPUT);
//-------------------------
//
pinMode(lev_vik, INPUT);
pinMode(pra_vik, INPUT);
//---------------------------
delay(3000);

ROB_VPERED();
}

void loop() {

//
if (digitalRead(lev_vik) == LOW)
{
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_NAZAD();
delay(150);
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_PRAV();
delay(random(400, 1500));
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_VPERED();
}
//-----------------------------------------------
//
if (digitalRead(pra_vik) == LOW)
{
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_NAZAD();
delay(150);
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_LEV();
delay(random(400, 1500));
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_VPERED();
}
//-----------------------------------------------
// 2 -
if (digitalRead(ir_2) == LOW)
{
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_PRAV();
delay(random(200, 1100));
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_VPERED();
}
//-----------------------------------------------
// 3 -
if (digitalRead(ir_3) == LOW)
{
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_PRAV();
delay(random(200, 1100));
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_VPERED();
}
//-----------------------------------------------
// 4 -
if (digitalRead(ir_4) == LOW)
{
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_LEV();
delay(random(200, 1100));
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_VPERED();
}
//-----------------------------------------------
// 5 -
if (digitalRead(ir_5) == LOW)
{
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_LEV();
delay(random(200, 1100));
ROB_STOP();
delay(200);
ROB_VPERED();
}
//-----------------------------------------------
// 1 -
if (digitalRead(ir_1) == LOW)
{
ROB_PRAV();
delay(10);
ROB_VPERED();
}
//-----------------------------------------------
// 6 -
if (digitalRead(ir_6) == LOW)
{
ROB_LEV();
delay(10);
ROB_VPERED();
}
//-----------------------------------------------

}

//
void ROB_PRAV()
{
//
digitalWrite(mot_in1, LOW);
digitalWrite(mot_in2, HIGH);
analogWrite(mot_ena, max_skor_lev);
//
digitalWrite(mot_in3, LOW);
digitalWrite(mot_in4, HIGH);
analogWrite(mot_enb, max_skor_prav);
}
//-----------------
//
void ROB_LEV()
{
//
digitalWrite(mot_in3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(mot_in4, LOW);
analogWrite(mot_enb, max_skor_prav);
//
digitalWrite(mot_in1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(mot_in2, LOW);
analogWrite(mot_ena, max_skor_lev);
}
//---------------------
//
void ROB_VPERED()
{
//
digitalWrite(mot_in1, LOW);
digitalWrite(mot_in2, HIGH);
analogWrite(mot_ena, max_skor_lev);
//
digitalWrite(mot_in3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(mot_in4, LOW);
analogWrite(mot_enb, max_skor_prav);
}
//-------------------------------------
//
void ROB_NAZAD()
{
//
digitalWrite(mot_in1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(mot_in2, LOW);
analogWrite(mot_ena, max_skor_lev);
//
digitalWrite(mot_in3, LOW);
digitalWrite(mot_in4, HIGH);
analogWrite(mot_enb, max_skor_prav);
}
//------------------------------------
//
void ROB_STOP()
{
//
digitalWrite(mot_in1, LOW);
digitalWrite(mot_in2, LOW);
analogWrite(mot_ena, min_skor);
//
digitalWrite(mot_in3, LOW);
digitalWrite(mot_in4, LOW);
analogWrite(mot_enb, min_skor);
}
//--------------------------------


:

:

.

24. Spinnenroboter (Hexapoden)

,



-

1
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Multiservo.h>

Multiservo myservo;

int pos = 0;

void setup(void)
{
Wire.begin();
myservo.attach(17);
}

void loop(void)
{
for (pos = 0; pos <= 180; pos += 1) // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees
{ // in steps of 1 degree
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos'
delay(15); // waits 15ms for the servo to reach the position
}
for (pos = 180; pos >= 0; pos -= 1) // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
{
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos'
delay(15); // waits 15ms for the servo to reach the position
}
}

, .



:


.


Derzeit werden Materialien für die Klassen 25-40 gesucht und ausgewählt. Links zu russischsprachigen Videokursen mit interessanten Projekten zu Arduino können in den Kommentaren zum Artikel hinterlassen werden.

Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/de397019/


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