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Membuat aplikasi grafis untuk menyelesaikan masalah jalannya kuda

Ini adalah tutorial tentang membuat aplikasi interaktif untuk memecahkan masalah kemajuan kuda dalam pemrosesan dan p5.js

Bagian I


Buat persegi panjang kuda - (). Kuda itu dilambangkan dengan lingkaran abu-abu.

rect(bx, by, boxSize, boxSize); fill(50); //  ellipse(bx+50,by+50,20,20); //

Biarkan kuda mengecat semua sel yang dilaluinya, begitulah di sini .

Selanjutnya, biarkan kuda tertarik ke tengah kandang ketika melepaskan tombol mouseRealised () .

Tambahkan variabel storX dan storY yang akan menyimpan koordinat sel tempat kursor berada. Jika tombol kiri ditekan dan kursor berada di atas kuda, maka simpan koordinat mod sel saat ini dalam variabel storX dan storY :

  void mouseClick() { if (mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x+100 && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y+100) { if (overBox && mousePressed && (mouseButton == LEFT)) { storX=x; //  x storY=y; //  y } } }


Saat Anda melepaskan tombol, koordinat storX dan storY dimuat ke dalam koordinat knightX dan knightY knightY.
  knightX=storX; knightY=storY;

Jika ada variabel boolean yang ditekan mouse standar untuk status tombol yang ditekan, maka variabel tersebut tidak ada untuk status tombol yang ditekan - buat sendiri:
  boolean bool_mouseReleased; // ... void mouseReleased() { bool_mouseReleased=true; locked = false; knightX=storX; knightY=storY; }

Sekarang, jika tombol mouse tidak ditekan (mis. Bool_mouseReleased = true ), cat di atas sel dengan koordinat storX dan storY
 if((bool_mouseReleased ) && (x==storX && y==storY )){ modColor=200; }


Gambarlah seekor kuda ke tengah kandang
 //  bool_mouseReleased; storX; storY; boolean bool_mouseReleased; float storX; float storY; float knightX; float knightY; // size of canvas 600*600 int edgeOfCanvas=600; int knightSize = 100; boolean overKnight = false; boolean locked = false; float xOffset = 0.0; float yOffset = 0.0; int unit = 100; // -> width / unit; int unitSize=100; int count; Module[] mods; void setup() { size(600, 600); knightX = 0; knightY = 0; rectMode(CORNER); stroke(100); int wideCount = edgeOfCanvas / unit; int highCount = edgeOfCanvas / unit; count = wideCount * highCount; mods = new Module[count]; int index = 0; for (int y = 0; y < highCount; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < wideCount; x++) { mods[index++] = new Module(x*unit, y*unit); } } } void draw() { background(0); for (Module mod : mods) { mod.mouseClick(); mod.update(); } // // // // // Test if the cursor is over the box fill(200); if (mouseX > knightX && mouseX < knightX+knightSize && mouseY > knightY && mouseY < knightY+knightSize) { overKnight = true; } else { overKnight = false; } fill(200); rect(0,0,100,100); rect(knightX, knightY, knightSize, knightSize); fill(50); ellipse(knightX+50,knightY+50,20,20); } class Module { int x; int y; int modColor=0; // Contructor Module(int xT, int yT){ x = xT; y = yT; } void mouseClick() { if ((mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x+100 && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y+100)&& (overKnight && mousePressed && (mouseButton == LEFT))) { storX=x; storY=y; } if( (bool_mouseReleased ) && (x==storX && y==storY ) ){ modColor=200; } } void update() { fill(modColor); rect(x, y, unitSize, unitSize); } } void mousePressed() { if(overKnight) { locked = true; } else { locked = false; } xOffset = mouseX-knightX; yOffset = mouseY-knightY; } void mouseDragged() { if(locked) { bool_mouseReleased=false; knightX = mouseX-xOffset; knightY = mouseY-yOffset; } } void mouseReleased() { bool_mouseReleased=true; locked = false; knightX=storX; knightY=storY; }


Periksa di sini

Bagian II


Tambahkan tombol batal.
Contoh yang menggambarkan operasi tombol ada di sini .

Pertama, buat daftar IntList koordinat sel di mana kuda itu lewat; menggambar tombol itu sendiri di sudut kiri bawah:

 // list IntList listOfCoordinatesX; IntList listOfCoordinatesY; //button int buttonX=25, buttonY=525; int buttonSize = 50; boolean boolButton = false;

Inisialisasi Daftar
 listOfCoordinatesX = new IntList(); listOfCoordinatesY = new IntList(); listOfCoordinatesX.append(0); listOfCoordinatesY.append(0);

Di akhir langkah selanjutnya (saat melepaskan tombol mouse) kami menambahkan koordinat sel ke daftar / tumpukan:
  if(overKnight){ knightX=storX; knightY=storY; listOfCoordinatesX.append(int(knightX)); listOfCoordinatesY.append(int(knightY)); }

Mari kita membuat fungsi boolean overButton () , yang mengembalikan true jika kursor mouse berada di atas tombol dan fungsi buttonUpdate () , yang memperbarui variabel
boolbutton
  void buttonUpdate() { if ( overButton(buttonX, buttonY, buttonSize, buttonSize) ) { boolButton = true; } else { boolButton = false; } } boolean overButton(int x, int y, int width, int height) { if (mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x+width && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y+height) { return true; } else { return false; } }

Variabel dan daftar ditampilkan di konsol di loop program utama:
  println(boolButton); println(listOfCoordinatesX); println(listOfCoordinatesY);


Seluruh program
 // list IntList listOfCoordinatesX; IntList listOfCoordinatesY; //button int buttonX=25, buttonY=525; int buttonSize = 50; boolean boolButton = false; //mouse boolean bool_mouseReleased; // jump to rect center on button release float storX; float storY; float knightX; float knightY; // size of canvas int edgeOfCanvas=500; int knightSize = 100; boolean overKnight = false; boolean locked = false; float xOffset = 0.0; float yOffset = 0.0; int unit = 100; // -> width / unit; int unitSize=100; int count; Module[] mods; void setup() { size(500, 600); stroke(100); knightX = 0; knightY = 0; rectMode(CORNER); listOfCoordinatesX = new IntList(); listOfCoordinatesY = new IntList(); listOfCoordinatesX.append(0); listOfCoordinatesY.append(0); int wideCount = edgeOfCanvas / unit; int highCount = edgeOfCanvas / unit; count = wideCount * highCount; mods = new Module[count]; int index = 0; for (int y = 0; y < highCount; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < wideCount; x++) { mods[index++] = new Module(x*unit, y*unit); } } } void draw() { background(0); buttonUpdate(); for (Module mod : mods) { mod.mouseClick(); mod.update(); } // // // // // // // Test if the cursor is over the box fill(200); if (mouseX > knightX && mouseX < knightX+knightSize && mouseY > knightY && mouseY < knightY+knightSize) { overKnight = true; } else { overKnight = false; } fill(200); rect(0,0,100,100); rect(knightX, knightY, knightSize, knightSize); fill(50); ellipse(knightX+50,knightY+50,20,20); // draw button rect(buttonX,buttonY,buttonSize,buttonSize); if(boolButton && mousePressed) { fill(200); rect(buttonX,buttonY,buttonSize,buttonSize); } println(); println(storX); println(storY); println(boolButton); println(listOfCoordinatesX); println(listOfCoordinatesY); } class Module { int x; int y; int modColor=0; // Contructor Module(int xT, int yT){ x = xT; y = yT; } void mouseClick() { if (mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x+100 && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y+100) { if (overKnight && mousePressed && (mouseButton == LEFT)) { storX=x; storY=y; // if(bool_mouseReleased ) {modColor=200;} } } if((bool_mouseReleased ) && (x==storX && y==storY )){ modColor=200; } } void update() { fill(modColor); rect(x, y, unitSize, unitSize); } } void mousePressed() { if(overKnight) { locked = true; } else { locked = false; } xOffset = mouseX-knightX; yOffset = mouseY-knightY; } void mouseDragged() { if(locked) { bool_mouseReleased=false; knightX = mouseX-xOffset; knightY = mouseY-yOffset; } } void mouseReleased() { bool_mouseReleased=true; locked = false; if(overKnight){ knightX=storX; knightY=storY; listOfCoordinatesX.append(int(knightX)); listOfCoordinatesY.append(int(knightY)); } } // button void buttonUpdate() { if ( overButton(buttonX, buttonY, buttonSize, buttonSize) ) { boolButton = true; } else { boolButton = false; } } boolean overButton(int x, int y, int width, int height) { if (mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x+width && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y+height) { return true; } else { return false; } }


Periksa di sini

Bagian III


Tambahkan fungsi melompat ke sel sebelumnya ketika Anda mengklik tombol batal.
Dalam fungsi mousePressed () , kami memeriksa untuk melihat apakah tombol batal telah ditekan. Jika tombol ditekan, maka hapus elemen terakhir dari daftar koordinat (atas tumpukan), jika daftar memiliki lebih dari satu elemen:
 if(boolButton && listOfCoordinatesX.size()>1) { listOfCoordinatesX.pop(); listOfCoordinatesY.pop(); }

Ketika Anda mengklik tombol batal di metode mouseClick () dari kelas Module , kami menyimpan elemen daftar koordinat (bagian atas tumpukan) ke dalam variabel storX dan storY :
 if(boolButton && mousePressed) { storX= listOfCoordinatesX.get(listOfCoordinatesX.size()-1); storY= listOfCoordinatesY.get(listOfCoordinatesY.size()-1); }

Saat Anda melepaskan tombol batal, kami kembali ke koordinat sebelumnya dan kembali ke sel dengan warna asli (hitam):
 if(boolButton && bool_mouseReleased){ if(x==storX && y==storY ) { modColor=0; } }

Dalam fungsi mouseReleased () , kami menempatkan kuda kami di sel bidang yang sesuai.
 if(boolButton) { knightX=storX; knightY=storY; }


Kode lengkap
 // list IntList listOfCoordinatesX; IntList listOfCoordinatesY; //button int buttonX=25, buttonY=525; int buttonSize = 50; boolean boolButton = false; //mouse boolean bool_mouseReleased; // jump to rect center on button release float storX; float storY; float knightX; float knightY; // size of canvas int edgeOfCanvas=500; int knightSize = 100; boolean overKnight = false; boolean locked = false; float xOffset = 0.0; float yOffset = 0.0; int unit = 100; // -> width / unit; int unitSize=100; int count; Module[] mods; void setup() { size(500, 600); stroke(100); knightX = 0; knightY = 0; rectMode(CORNER); listOfCoordinatesX = new IntList(); listOfCoordinatesY = new IntList(); listOfCoordinatesX.append(0); listOfCoordinatesY.append(0); int wideCount = edgeOfCanvas / unit; int highCount = edgeOfCanvas / unit; count = wideCount * highCount; mods = new Module[count]; int index = 0; for (int y = 0; y < highCount; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < wideCount; x++) { mods[index++] = new Module(x*unit, y*unit); } } } void draw() { background(0); buttonUpdate(); for (Module mod : mods) { mod.mouseClick(); mod.update(); } // // // // // // // Test if the cursor is over the box fill(200); if (mouseX > knightX && mouseX < knightX+knightSize && mouseY > knightY && mouseY < knightY+knightSize) { overKnight = true; } else { overKnight = false; } fill(200); rect(0,0,100,100); rect(knightX, knightY, knightSize, knightSize); fill(50); ellipse(knightX+50,knightY+50,20,20); // draw button rect(buttonX,buttonY,buttonSize,buttonSize); if(boolButton && mousePressed) { fill(200); rect(buttonX,buttonY,buttonSize,buttonSize); } /* println(); println(storX); println(storY); println(boolButton); println(listOfCoordinatesX); println(listOfCoordinatesY); */ } class Module { int x; int y; int modColor=0; // Contructor Module(int xT, int yT){ x = xT; y = yT; } void mouseClick() { if (mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x+100 && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y+100) { if (overKnight && mousePressed && (mouseButton == LEFT)) { storX=x; storY=y; // if(bool_mouseReleased ) {modColor=200;} } } if((bool_mouseReleased ) && (x==storX && y==storY )){ modColor=200; } if(boolButton && mousePressed){ storX= listOfCoordinatesX.get(listOfCoordinatesX.size()-1); storY= listOfCoordinatesY.get(listOfCoordinatesY.size()-1); } if(boolButton && bool_mouseReleased){ if(x==storX && y==storY ){ modColor=0; } } } void update() { fill(modColor); rect(x, y, unitSize, unitSize); } } void mousePressed() { if(overKnight) { locked = true; // listOfCoordinatesX.append(int(knightX)); // listOfCoordinatesY.append(int(knightY)); } else { locked = false; } xOffset = mouseX-knightX; yOffset = mouseY-knightY; if(boolButton && listOfCoordinatesX.size()>1){ listOfCoordinatesX.pop(); listOfCoordinatesY.pop(); } } void mouseDragged() { if(locked) { bool_mouseReleased=false; knightX = mouseX-xOffset; knightY = mouseY-yOffset; } } void mouseReleased() { bool_mouseReleased=true; locked = false; if(overKnight){ knightX=storX; knightY=storY; listOfCoordinatesX.append(int(knightX)); listOfCoordinatesY.append(int(knightY)); } if(boolButton){ knightX=storX; knightY=storY; } } // button void buttonUpdate() { if ( overButton(buttonX, buttonY, buttonSize, buttonSize) ) { boolButton = true; } else { boolButton = false; } } boolean overButton(int x, int y, int width, int height) { if (mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x+width && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y+height) { return true; } else { return false; } }


Sekarang program dalam bahasa pemrosesan bekerja dengan benar, dan fungsi undo dalam program di p5.js tidak berfungsi dengan benar.
Periksa programnya di p5.js di sini

Ganti daftar InList di program utama dengan array int []. Anda dapat secara dinamis menambahkan elemen ke array, serta ke daftar, menggunakan fungsi append ()
  listOfCoordinatesX = append(listOfCoordinatesX,0);

Anda tidak dapat mengambil elemen dengan pop () dari array. Untuk ini, ada fungsi untuk mengurangi panjang array dengan satu shorten () . Untuk menentukan panjang array, bukan ukuran (), gunakan panjang
Seluruh program
  // list int[] listOfCoordinatesX; int[] listOfCoordinatesY; //button int buttonX=25, buttonY=525; int buttonSize = 50; boolean boolButton = false; //mouse boolean bool_mouseReleased; // jump to rect center on button release float storX; float storY; float knightX; float knightY; // size of canvas int edgeOfCanvas=500; int knightSize = 100; boolean overKnight = false; boolean locked = false; float xOffset = 0.0; float yOffset = 0.0; int unit = 100; // -> width / unit; int unitSize=100; int count; Module[] mods; void setup() { size(500, 600); stroke(100); //   listOfCoordinatesX = new int[0]; //    listOfCoordinatesY = new int[0]; //   (0,0) listOfCoordinatesX = append(listOfCoordinatesX,0); listOfCoordinatesY = append(listOfCoordinatesY,0); knightX = 0; knightY = 0; rectMode(CORNER); int wideCount = edgeOfCanvas / unit; int highCount = edgeOfCanvas / unit; count = wideCount * highCount; mods = new Module[count]; int index = 0; for (int y = 0; y < highCount; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < wideCount; x++) { mods[index++] = new Module(x*unit, y*unit); } } } void draw() { background(0); buttonUpdate(); for (Module mod : mods) { mod.mouseClick(); mod.update(); } // // // // // // // Test if the cursor is over the box fill(200); if (mouseX > knightX && mouseX < knightX+knightSize && mouseY > knightY && mouseY < knightY+knightSize) { overKnight = true; } else { overKnight = false; } fill(200); rect(0,0,100,100); rect(knightX, knightY, knightSize, knightSize); fill(50); ellipse(knightX+50,knightY+50,20,20); // draw button rect(buttonX,buttonY,buttonSize,buttonSize); if(boolButton && mousePressed) { fill(200); rect(buttonX,buttonY,buttonSize,buttonSize); } // println(); // println(storX); // println(storY); // println(boolButton); // println(listOfCoordinatesX); // println(listOfCoordinatesY); } class Module { int x; int y; int modColor=0; // Contructor Module(int xT, int yT){ x = xT; y = yT; } void mouseClick() { if (mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x+100 && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y+100) { if (overKnight && mousePressed && (mouseButton == LEFT)) { storX=x; storY=y; // if(bool_mouseReleased ) {modColor=200;} } } if((bool_mouseReleased ) && (x==storX && y==storY )){ modColor=200; } if(boolButton && mousePressed){ storX= listOfCoordinatesX[listOfCoordinatesX.length-1]; storY= listOfCoordinatesY[listOfCoordinatesY.length-1]; } if(boolButton && bool_mouseReleased){ if(x==storX && y==storY ){ modColor=0; } } } void update() { fill(modColor); rect(x, y, unitSize, unitSize); } } void mousePressed() { if(overKnight) { locked = true; } else { locked = false; } xOffset = mouseX-knightX; yOffset = mouseY-knightY; if(boolButton && listOfCoordinatesX.length>1){ // listOfCoordinatesX.pop(); // listOfCoordinatesY.pop(); listOfCoordinatesX=shorten(listOfCoordinatesX); listOfCoordinatesY=shorten(listOfCoordinatesY); } } void mouseDragged() { if(locked) { bool_mouseReleased=false; knightX = mouseX-xOffset; knightY = mouseY-yOffset; } } void mouseReleased() { bool_mouseReleased=true; locked = false; if(overKnight){ knightX=storX; knightY=storY; listOfCoordinatesX=append(listOfCoordinatesX,int(knightX)); listOfCoordinatesY=append(listOfCoordinatesY,int(knightY)); } if(boolButton){ knightX=storX; knightY=storY; } } // button void buttonUpdate() { if ( overButton(buttonX, buttonY, buttonSize, buttonSize) ) { boolButton = true; } else { boolButton = false; } } boolean overButton(int x, int y, int width, int height) { if (mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x+width && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y+height) { return true; } else { return false; } }


Program ini dapat ditambahkan sebagai skrip js ke halaman html. Untuk menjalankan skrip, Anda harus menggunakan processing.js
Lihat halaman ini di sini .
Dan di sini sama, tetapi dengan gambar seekor kuda.
Dan di sini kuda hanya bisa berjalan dengan huruf G. Sisa gerakan dilarang.

Tautan ke github dengan teks-teks program yang disajikan dalam artikel.

Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/id444512/

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