🌫️ 💶 🙏🏽 Criamos mídia de instalação com muitas versões do Windows NT 6.0+ sem usar software de terceiros 👫 ✅ 📚

Olá. Hoje vou explicar como você pode criar uma única mídia de instalação com muitas versões diferentes do Windows sem recorrer ao uso de software de terceiros. Assim, você entenderá completamente as manipulações que realizamos.

Vou enfatizar também que o mínimo possível ~~entropias trazem para este mundo~~ .

— .

Windows NT 6.0+ USB . , — USB-HDD. ( USB — ).
Windows — . .. :

[boot]
[sources]
bootmgr

UEFI (, GPT- ), — [efi].

. ? , Windows ! - Win8, Win7 , - ...

ISO- (, Win 8.1 x64). [sources] [sources_w8x64]. ISO- [sources], . . . :

[boot]
[sources]
[sources_w7x86]
[sources_w8x64]
[sources_w8x86]
bootmgr

- , , Windows [sources].

. , . , . — LBA, MBR, .. , : , , .. , Windows 10! ! - : 10-, . Media Creation Tool 10-. . , . Visual Studio . :

[boot]
[sources]
[sources_w7x64]
[sources_w7x86]
[sources_w8x64]
[sources_w8x86]
[sources_w10x86]
bootmgr

!

, , .
: Grub4Dos , ISO, ISO, WinPE, ISO (.. - ), … , ! — USB-HDD, , , … — .

, : ISO-, … …
, .

ISO, . ISO ( ), , Windows , (. ).

Windows AiO ( sources\install.wim ), , :

- FAT32, UEFI
( , )
, , , Win7 Win10 ( )

One more thing , , . , . — !

- :

FAT32
exFAT
NTFS

FAT32: , UEFI. : — 4 .
exFAT: , UEFI . , ~~(, Grub4Dos)~~ . BOOTMGR . Upd: , Live Linux ISO .
NTFS: , , UEFI .

:
UEFI — FAT32, — NTFS.

.
: , . - ;)

, (, ...).
USB-HDD .

USB-HDD :
(diskmgmt.msc). USB-HDD " ". — .

. " " . :
(cmd.exe). :

DiskPart
list disk
select disk <   (      )>
list part
select part < ,     ( 1)>
active
exit

. . .

Windows

. :

[boot]
[efi] -      UEFI (    FAT32! (      NTFS))
bootmgr
bootmgr.efi -      UEFI (    FAT32! (      NTFS))

— Windows 10 x64 (Threshold 2).

.
— Windows Boot Manager c . — - , [sources]. , bootmgr .
Windows Boot Manager, , BOOTMGR. , bootsect /nt60 <_>:, <_> — .

[sources]. , [sources] Windows . . . :

[WinDists]
 |- [Win_7_ia32]
 |- [Win_7_x64]
 |- [Win_8.1_ia32]
 |- [Win_8.1_x64]
 |- [Win_10_ia32]
 |- [Win_10_x64]

[sources] ISO-. . — .

, . .. . , Windows.

, ? . :

[boot]
 |- bcd
[efi]
 |- [microsoft]
     |- [boot]
         |- bcd -      UEFI (    FAT32! (      NTFS))

BCD

. , ( , ! ◕‿◕).
:

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {bootmgr} DisplayBootMenu True
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /deletevalue {bootmgr} Timeout

<_> — .

.
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /enum {default}
device osdevice -. :

device      ramdisk=[boot]\sources\boot.wim,{<GUID  ramdisk>}
osdevice    ramdisk=[boot]\sources\boot.wim,{<GUID  ramdisk>}

, .
Windows c WinPE (boot.wim), <GUID ramdisk>. .

device , \windows\system32\boot\winload.exe ( path).
osdevice , \windows ( systemroot).

device osdevice WIM- ( WinPE), (ramdisk). GUID , , WinPE ( — ramdisk). :

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /enum {<GUID  ramdisk>}

 
-------------------
           {<GUID  ramdisk>}
ramdisksdidevice        boot
ramdisksdipath          \boot\boot.sdi

. .

boot.sdi — - NTFS-. boot.wim.

- ( device osdevice), .

-:
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /copy {Default} /d "< >"
GUID . :
{<GUID >}
:
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {<GUID >} device ramdisk=[boot]\< >\boot.wim,{<GUID ramdisk>}

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {<GUID >} osdevice ramdisk=[boot]\< >\boot.wim,{<GUID ramdisk>}

().

-.
! GUID-. .

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /copy {Default} /d "Windows 7 (32-bit) Setup"
    {90fff3ef-3b91-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0}.

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {90fff3ef-3b91-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} device ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_7_ia32\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {90fff3ef-3b91-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} osdevice ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_7_ia32\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /copy {Default} /d "Windows 7 (64-bit) Setup"
    {e5f9b9b7-3bb1-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0}.

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {e5f9b9b7-3bb1-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} device ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_7_x64\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {e5f9b9b7-3bb1-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} osdevice ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_7_x64\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /copy {Default} /d "Windows 8.1 (32-bit) Setup"
    {cda5bc88-3bb4-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0}.

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {cda5bc88-3bb4-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} device ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_8.1_ia32\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {cda5bc88-3bb4-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} osdevice ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_8.1_ia32\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /copy {Default} /d "Windows 8.1 (64-bit) Setup"
    {330e8636-3bb5-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0}.

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {330e8636-3bb5-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} device ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_8.1_x64\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {330e8636-3bb5-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} osdevice ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_8.1_x64\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /copy {Default} /d "Windows 10 (32-bit) Setup"
    {87c0826c-3bb5-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0}.

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {87c0826c-3bb5-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} device ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_10_ia32\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {87c0826c-3bb5-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} osdevice ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_10_ia32\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /copy {Default} /d "Windows 10 (64-bit) Setup"
    {dd7288b2-3bb8-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0}.

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {dd7288b2-3bb8-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} device ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_10_x64\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {dd7288b2-3bb8-11e6-839b-d850e607fea0} osdevice ramdisk=[boot]\WinDists\Win_10_x64\boot.wim,{7619dcc8-fafe-11d9-b411-000476eba25f}

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /copy {Default} /d "Other Windows Setup (from \sources)"
The entry was successfully copied to {c9ff9b3a-3c53-11e6-839c-d850e607fea0}.

BCD

, -:
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /delete {default}

BCD UEFI

UEFI, (, BootMgFw.efi).

, BCD.
..
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd

bcdedit /store <_>:\efi\microsoft\boot\bcd.

. \boot\bcd \efi\microsoft\boot\bcd! path , {memdiag}.

\windows\system32\boot\winload.exe vs \windows\system32\boot\winload.efi
\boot\memtest.exe vs \efi\microsoft\boot\memtest.efi

Update
UEFI 64- Windows NT 6.0+, 32- — Windows 8+.
, , Windows 8, IsolatedContext Yes. , (.. , , Windows 7 x64 UEFI).

Windows PE

, , Windows. , Windows PE.

. , - , :

No Sources Error

? , install.wim install.esd sources . Windows 10 x64\sources x86\sources . — .
, , , .

Windows , . .

. , .
Microsoft-Windows-Setup | ImageInstall | OSImage | InstallFrom | Path.
:
setup.exe /unattend:< >
.
. . , . . — . . — .
cmd.exe. , :
X:\sources\setup.exe /installFrom:< install.wim install.esd>
. ISO.
.
X: ( boot.wim), ! install.wim install.esd. ( )!
, , Win 10 x64 :
< >:\WinDists\Win_10_x64\setup.exe
. - X:\sources, . , boot.wim. ! , ( ) ( setup.exe) 6- .

, , ? . , .

Windows PE, , , .
HKLM\SYSTEM\Setup\CmdLine , WinPE. winpeshl.exe. , :

( WallpaperHost.exe)
, winpeshl.ini. — .
PNP
winpeshl.ini — ( ):
- X:$Windows.~BT\sources\setup.exe
- X:\setup.exe
- X:\windows\system32\cmd.exe /k startnet.cmd

, . , :

winpeshl.ini cmd.exe
/ X:\setup.exe startnet.cmd

( , ).

`boot.wim`

Windows 10 x64.
, X:, boot.wim. :

dism /get-wimInfo /wimFile:<_>:\WinDists\Win_10_x64\boot.wim

C DISM
: 6.3.9600.17031

   : <_>:\WinDists\Win_10_x64\boot.wim

: 1
 : Microsoft Windows PE (x64)
 : Microsoft Windows PE (x64)
 (): 1 357 917 901

: 2
 : Microsoft Windows Setup (x64)
 : Microsoft Windows Setup (x64)
 (): 1 540 370 231

  .

Windows PE, — Windows Setup. .. — 2.
, . C:\mnt.

dism /mount-wim /wimFile:<_>:\WinDists\Win_10_x64\boot.wim /index:2 /mountDir:C:\mnt

C DISM
: 6.3.9600.17031

 
[==========================100.0%==========================]
  .

, , C:\mnt\Windows\System32\ winpeshl.ini ( runsetup.cmd).

winpeshl.ini

[LaunchApps]
cmd.exe, "/k runsetup.cmd"

runsetup.cmd

@echo off
Title TishSerg Windows Setup Bootstrapper v1.0
color 9f

ver
echo.
echo [%time%] Initializing Windows PE...
Wpeinit

echo.
Wpeutil UpdateBootInfo > nul
for /f "tokens=3" %%a in (
    'reg query "HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control" /v PEBootRamdiskSourceDrive'
) do set RamdiskSourceDrive=%%a
echo [%time%] Detected setup media: %RamdiskSourceDrive%

echo.
:: Windows dist path Affix
set WinDistAfx=WinDists\Win

:: Find Windows arch Affix
if "%PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%" == "x86" (
    set WinArchAfx=ia32
) else (
    set WinArchAfx=x64
)

:: Find Windows version Affix
for /f "tokens=3" %%b in (
    'reg query "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion" /v CurrentBuildNumber'
) do set /a CurrentBuildNumber=%%b
if %CurrentBuildNumber% lss 6100 (
    :: Build < 6100 is Vista
    set WinVerAfx=Vista
    echo [%time%] Determined version of Windows: Vista (build %CurrentBuildNumber%^) %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%
) else if %CurrentBuildNumber% lss 7700 (
    :: Build < 7700 is 7
    set WinVerAfx=7
    echo [%time%] Determined version of Windows: 7 (build %CurrentBuildNumber%^) %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%
) else if %CurrentBuildNumber% lss 9300 (
    :: Build < 9300 is 8
    set WinVerAfx=8
    echo [%time%] Determined version of Windows: 8 (build %CurrentBuildNumber%^) %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%
) else if %CurrentBuildNumber% lss 9700 (
    :: Build < 9700 is 8.1
    set WinVerAfx=8.1
    echo [%time%] Determined version of Windows: 8.1 (build %CurrentBuildNumber%^) %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%
) else (
    :: Build > 9700 is 10
    set WinVerAfx=10
    echo [%time%] Determined version of Windows: 10 (build %CurrentBuildNumber%^) %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%
)

echo.
echo [%time%] Launching Windows Setup (%RamdiskSourceDrive%\%WinDistAfx%_%WinVerAfx%_%WinArchAfx%\setup.exe^)
%RamdiskSourceDrive%\%WinDistAfx%_%WinVerAfx%_%WinArchAfx%\setup.exe

:: When closed Windows Setup
color 2e
echo.
echo [%time%] Windows Setup closed
echo WScript.Quit MsgBox("You have closed Windows Setup."+vbCrlf+"Run 'System restore' instead? Or reboot?"+vbCrlf+vbCrlf+"Yes - Run 'System restore'"+vbCrlf+"No - Reboot"+vbCrlf+"Cancel - 'Just give me a Command line!'", vbQuestion+vbYesNoCancel, "Setup cancelled") > msgdlg.vbs
cscript msgdlg.vbs > nul
if %errorLevel% == 6 (
    echo [%time%] Here is Task Manager for you :^)
    start taskmgr
    echo [%time%] Run 'System restore' (%SystemDrive%\Sources\recovery\RecEnv.exe^)
    %SystemDrive%\Sources\recovery\RecEnv.exe
) else if %errorLevel% == 7 (
    echo [%time%] Will reboot now...
    Wpeutil Reboot
)

`runsetup.cmd`?

, winpeshl.ini runsetup.cmd Windows NT 6.0+. .. Win7, Win8 .. .

, .. - \sources\setup.exe X:\setup.exe :

, Windows . ISO X:\setup.exe .

! runsetup.cmd <_>:\\<_____>_<>_<>\setup.exe
( %RamdiskSourceDrive%\%WinDistAfx%_%WinVerAfx%_%WinArchAfx%\setup.exe). .. ( , ) :

D:\WinDists\Win_7_ia32\setup.exe
D:\WinDists\Win_10_x64\setup.exe

— .

dism /unmount-wim /mountDir:C:\mnt /commit

C DISM
: 6.3.9600.17031

 : <_>:\WinDists\Win_10_x64\boot.wim
 : 2
 
[==========================100.0%==========================]
 
[==========================100.0%==========================]
  .

! boot.wim. , Windows!

?

Windows

ei.cfg

`ei.cfg`

[Channel]
Retail

setup.exe. , ramdisk- (boot.wim), ei.cfg . (+1 , ramdisk- /installFrom).

Windows

`Grub4Dos`

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /create /d "Grub4Dos Menu" /application BootSector
 {b3923807-3ebb-11e6-83a0-d850e607fea0}  .

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {b3923807-3ebb-11e6-83a0-d850e607fea0} device boot
bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {b3923807-3ebb-11e6-83a0-d850e607fea0} path \grldr

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /DisplayOrder {b3923807-3ebb-11e6-83a0-d850e607fea0} /AddFirst

. : BOOTMGR GRLDR.

`boot.wim` ramdisk

BootMgr boot.wim ramdisk . .. Windows , . , . WinPE .

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {<GUID   Windows>} BootMenuPolicy Legacy

, ( , ), (^̮^)

. Windows 7 . Windows 8+ - ( ).

bcdedit /store <_>:\boot\bcd /set {<GUID   Windows>} Sos True

Windows 7. — .

, :

Windows ( ISO-)
Criou uma estrutura de pastas com arquivos de distribuição do Windows (o conteúdo de [sources]cada uma das imagens ISO)
Configure o menu do Gerenciador de Inicialização do Windows
Adicionamos boot.wimdois de nossos arquivos a cada distribuição.

Isso é tudo. Perguntas, comentários e sugestões são bem-vindos (ʘ‿ʘ)

Criamos mídia de instalação com muitas versões do Windows NT 6.0+ sem usar software de terceiros

Windows

BCD

BCD

BCD UEFI

Windows PE

boot.wim

?

Windows

Windows

boot.wim ramdisk

More articles:

`boot.wim`

`boot.wim` ramdisk