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电报机器人中的InlineKeyboard

InlineKeyboard-使用回调（CallbackQuery）附加到消息的键盘，而不是通过普通键盘发送消息。

例子





创建机器人线框


首先，在Maven上创建一个项目并添加“ Telegram Bots ”存储库：

<dependency> <groupId>org.telegram</groupId> <artifactId>telegrambots</artifactId> <version>4.0.0</version> </dependency>

使用BotFather，注册机器人并获取令牌：

萤幕



接下来，创建Bot类，从TelegramLongPollingBot继承，并重写方法：

源代码
 import org.telegram.telegrambots.bots.TelegramLongPollingBot; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.Update; public class Bot extends TelegramLongPollingBot { @Override public void onUpdateReceived(Update update) { } @Override public String getBotUsername() { return null; } @Override public String getBotToken() { return null; } }


我们使用机器人名称和令牌创建最终变量，将其添加到getBotUsername（）方法-botUserName，然后将其添加到getBotToken（）-令牌。 在主要方法中，注册机器人：

源代码
 import org.telegram.telegrambots.bots.TelegramLongPollingBot; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.TelegramBotsApi; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.Update; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.exceptions.TelegramApiRequestException; public class Bot extends TelegramLongPollingBot { private static final String botUserName = "Habr_Inlinebot"; private static final String token = "632072575:AAG5YNl9tM9MJbnP5HwLB22rVzNCmY05MQI"; public static void main(String[] args) { ApiContextInitializer.init(); TelegramBotsApi telegramBotsApi = new TelegramBotsApi(); try { telegramBotsApi.registerBot(new Bot()); } catch (TelegramApiRequestException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void onUpdateReceived(Update update) { } @Override public String getBotUsername() { return botUserName; } @Override public String getBotToken() { return token; } }


机器人的框架已准备就绪！ 现在，让我们用InlineKeyboard编写一个方法。

使用InlineKeyboard


创建一个键盘布局对象：

  InlineKeyboardMarkup inlineKeyboardMarkup =new InlineKeyboardMarkup();

现在我们建立按钮的位置。

我们创建一个具有2个参数的InlineKeyboardButton对象：文本（将在按钮本身上写的内容）和CallBackData（单击按钮时将发送到服务器的内容）。

  InlineKeyboardButton inlineKeyboardButton = new InlineKeyboardButton(); inlineKeyboardButton.setText(""); inlineKeyboardButton.setCallbackData("Button \"\" has been pressed");

将其添加到列表中，从而创建一个系列。

  List<InlineKeyboardButton> keyboardButtonsRow1 = new ArrayList<>(); keyboardButtons.add(inlineKeyboardButton);

如果要创建另一行，只需创建另一个列表并向其添加新按钮。

  List<InlineKeyboardButton> keyboardButtonsRow2 = new ArrayList<>(); keyboardButtons.add(inlineKeyboardButton2);

之后，我们需要统一行，因此创建一个行列表。

 List<List<InlineKeyboardButton>> rowList= new ArrayList<>(); rowList.add(keyboardButtonsRow1); rowList.add(keyboardButtonsRow2);

特色
开发人员照顾了我们，我们可以立即在列表中编写按钮，而无需创建变量。

 keyboardButtonsRow1.add(new InlineKeyboardButton().setText("Fi4a") .setCallbackData("CallFi4a"));

现在我们可以在键盘布局对象中设置按钮。

  inlineKeyboardMarkup.setKeyboard(rowList);

如果关于如何创建键盘的描述有些混乱，请参考以下图表：


仅此而已！ 现在将标记添加到消息中：

  SendMessage message = new SendMessage().setChatId(chatId).setText("") .setReplyMarkup(inlineKeyboardMarkup);

现在我们可以发送，这是一种现成的方法：

源代码
 public static SendMessage sendInlineKeyBoardMessage(long chatId) { InlineKeyboardMarkup inlineKeyboardMarkup = new InlineKeyboardMarkup(); InlineKeyboardButton inlineKeyboardButton1 = new InlineKeyboardButton(); InlineKeyboardButton inlineKeyboardButton2 = new InlineKeyboardButton(); inlineKeyboardButton1.setText(""); inlineKeyboardButton1.setCallbackData("Button \"\" has been pressed"); inlineKeyboardButton2.setText("2"); inlineKeyboardButton2.setCallbackData("Button \"2\" has been pressed"); List<InlineKeyboardButton> keyboardButtonsRow1 = new ArrayList<>(); List<InlineKeyboardButton> keyboardButtonsRow2 = new ArrayList<>(); keyboardButtonsRow1.add(inlineKeyboardButton1); keyboardButtonsRow1.add(new InlineKeyboardButton().setText("Fi4a").setCallbackData("CallFi4a")); keyboardButtonsRow2.add(inlineKeyboardButton2); List<List<InlineKeyboardButton>> rowList = new ArrayList<>(); rowList.add(keyboardButtonsRow1); rowList.add(keyboardButtonsRow2); inlineKeyboardMarkup.setKeyboard(rowList); return new SendMessage().setChatId(chatId).setText("").setReplyMarkup(inlineKeyboardMarkup); }


我们将在onUpdateReceived请求处理程序中调用该方法时做出选择：

源代码
  @Override public void onUpdateReceived(Update update) { if(update.hasMessage()){ if(update.getMessage().hasText()){ if(update.getMessage().getText().equals("Hello")){ try { execute(sendInlineKeyBoardMessage(update.getMessage().getChatId())); } catch (TelegramApiException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }


我们尝试！



现在我们需要对其进行处理，在if中创建一个新分支，然后处理CallbackQuery：

源代码
  @Override public void onUpdateReceived(Update update) { if(update.hasMessage()){ if(update.getMessage().hasText()){ if(update.getMessage().getText().equals("Hello")){ try { execute(sendInlineKeyBoardMessage(update.getMessage().getChatId())); } catch (TelegramApiException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }else if(update.hasCallbackQuery()){ try { execute(new SendMessage().setText( update.getCallbackQuery().getData()) .setChatId(update.getCallbackQuery().getMessage().getChatId())); } catch (TelegramApiException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }


检查！



可能就这些，谢谢您的关注！


所有源代码：

整个代码
 import org.telegram.telegrambots.ApiContextInitializer; import org.telegram.telegrambots.bots.TelegramLongPollingBot; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.ApiContext; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.TelegramBotsApi; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.methods.send.SendMessage; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.Update; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.replykeyboard.InlineKeyboardMarkup; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.replykeyboard.buttons.InlineKeyboardButton; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.replykeyboard.buttons.KeyboardButton; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.exceptions.TelegramApiException; import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.exceptions.TelegramApiRequestException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class Bot extends TelegramLongPollingBot { private static final String botUserName = "Habr_Inlinebot"; private static final String token = "632072575:AAG5YNl9tM9MJbnP5HwLB22rVzNCmY05MQI"; public static void main(String[] args) { ApiContextInitializer.init(); TelegramBotsApi telegramBotsApi = new TelegramBotsApi(); try { telegramBotsApi.registerBot(new Bot()); } catch (TelegramApiRequestException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void onUpdateReceived(Update update) { if(update.hasMessage()){ if(update.getMessage().hasText()){ if(update.getMessage().getText().equals("Hello")){ try { execute(sendInlineKeyBoardMessage(update.getMessage().getChatId())); } catch (TelegramApiException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }else if(update.hasCallbackQuery()){ try { execute(new SendMessage().setText( update.getCallbackQuery().getData()) .setChatId(update.getCallbackQuery().getMessage().getChatId())); } catch (TelegramApiException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } @Override public String getBotUsername() { return botUserName; } @Override public String getBotToken() { return token; } public static SendMessage sendInlineKeyBoardMessage(long chatId) { InlineKeyboardMarkup inlineKeyboardMarkup = new InlineKeyboardMarkup(); InlineKeyboardButton inlineKeyboardButton1 = new InlineKeyboardButton(); InlineKeyboardButton inlineKeyboardButton2 = new InlineKeyboardButton(); inlineKeyboardButton1.setText(""); inlineKeyboardButton1.setCallbackData("Button \"\" has been pressed"); inlineKeyboardButton2.setText("2"); inlineKeyboardButton2.setCallbackData("Button \"2\" has been pressed"); List<InlineKeyboardButton> keyboardButtonsRow1 = new ArrayList<>(); List<InlineKeyboardButton> keyboardButtonsRow2 = new ArrayList<>(); keyboardButtonsRow1.add(inlineKeyboardButton1); keyboardButtonsRow1.add(new InlineKeyboardButton().setText("Fi4a").setCallbackData("CallFi4a")); keyboardButtonsRow2.add(inlineKeyboardButton2); List<List<InlineKeyboardButton>> rowList = new ArrayList<>(); rowList.add(keyboardButtonsRow1); rowList.add(keyboardButtonsRow2); inlineKeyboardMarkup.setKeyboard(rowList); return new SendMessage().setChatId(chatId).setText("").setReplyMarkup(inlineKeyboardMarkup); } }


Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/zh-CN418905/

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