回到夏天，当灿烂的阳光照耀着我时，我厌倦了像在这个GIF中那样转动旋钮来关闭/打开办公室中的百叶窗，然后想到了使它们自动化的想法。
在从勒沃伊·梅林 （ Leroy Merlin）购买百叶窗之前，我曾想过要安装电动窗帘，但是几年前当我做出选择时，它们的价格相当可观。 另外，由于窗户的高度和宽度，窗帘的尺寸被证明是非标准的，这也增加了成本。
我的Leroy Merlin百叶窗自动化项目的结果
在那之后的几年中，基于Home Assistant的办公室中“智能”物品的数量开始增长，我回到了自动百叶窗的想法。
监控选项无效。 我看到的所有百叶窗自动化项目都是针对2英寸的百叶窗，而在俄罗斯联邦出售的几乎所有百叶窗都是1英寸宽。
办公室窗户上的自动百叶窗
1.电机和控制微控制器的选择
起初，根本不知道从哪里开始。 在自动化方面，其他项目经常使用28BYJ-48步进电机 ， 每台价格约130卢布（在中国）。 我对控制控制器没有任何疑问，因为我几乎在所有地方都使用LOLIN（WEMOS）D1 mini 。
转换百叶窗和标准百叶窗：顶视图
2.中国制造商Espressif Systems的ESP8266微控制器的固件
下一步-固件，我不想打扰复杂的编码，通常的Tasmota也没有提供现成的选项。 然后我遇到了ESPHome-本机固件，没有Home Assistant支持的MQTT。
转换百叶窗和标准百叶窗：侧视图
ESPHome的一个不错的好处是它具有用于步进电机的组件，该组件又支持ULN2003芯片的运行，该芯片可用于控制各种步进电机的控制电路中的大功率负载，包括电磁继电器，直流电机，电磁阀引擎。
重做百叶窗：侧视图
由于使用Hass.io ，因此使用了最简单的选项来编译固件-ESPHome Hass.io Add-On 。
窗户上有三个百叶窗，并获得了三个微控制器。 以下是生成的固件：
经过测试，我发现为了正确打开/关闭百叶窗，有必要为每个百叶窗设置不同数量的步骤。
window_1.yamlsubstitutions: devicename: window_1 upper_devicename: Window 1 esphome: name: $devicename platform: ESP8266 board: d1_mini wifi: ssid: "xxx" password: "xxx" # Enable fallback hotspot (captive portal) in case wifi connection fails ap: ssid: "Window 1 Fallback Hotspot" password: "xxx" captive_portal: # web_server: # port: 80 # css_url: http://192.168.15.10:8123/local/webserver-v1.min.css # js_url: http://192.168.15.10:8123/local/webserver-v1.min.js # Enable Home Assistant API api: services: - service: control_stepper variables: target: int then: - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: !lambda 'return target;' # Enable OTA Access ota: # Enable verbose logging over serial logger: # physical connection stepper: - platform: uln2003 id: my_stepper pin_a: D0 pin_b: D5 pin_c: D6 pin_d: D7 max_speed: 250 steps/s sleep_when_done: true acceleration: inf deceleration: inf i2c: cover: - platform: template name: "Zhaliuzi 1" id: window1 device_class: blind open_action: - stepper.report_position: id: my_stepper position: 0 - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: -1550 close_action: - stepper.report_position: id: my_stepper position: 0 - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: 1550 stop_action: - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: !lambda return id(my_stepper).current_position; optimistic: true assumed_state: true sensor: - platform: bh1750 name: "Osveshchennost u okna" address: 0x23 update_interval: 40s # General device data - platform: uptime id: uptime_sec - platform: wifi_signal name: ${upper_devicename} WiFi Signal id: wifis_signal update_interval: 900s text_sensor: - platform: template name: ${upper_devicename} Uptime lambda: |- int seconds = (id(uptime_sec).state); int days = seconds / (24 * 3600); seconds = seconds % (24 * 3600); int hours = seconds / 3600; seconds = seconds % 3600; int minutes = seconds / 60; seconds = seconds % 60; return { (String(days) +"d " + String(hours) +"h " + String(minutes) +"m "+ String(seconds) +"s").c_str() }; icon: mdi:clock-start update_interval: 113s - platform: template name: ${upper_devicename} Wifi Strength icon: "mdi:wifi" lambda: |- if (id(wifis_signal).state > -50 ) { return {"Excellent"}; } else if (id(wifis_signal).state > -60) { return {"Good"}; } else if (id(wifis_signal).state > -70) { return {"Fair"}; } else if (id(wifis_signal).state < -70) { return {"Weak"}; } else { return {"None"}; } update_interval: 900s - platform: version name: ${upper_devicename} Version - platform: template name: ${upper_devicename} MAC Address lambda: 'return {WiFi.macAddress().c_str()};' icon: mdi:fingerprint update_interval: 1d switch: - platform: restart name: ${upper_devicename} Restart
window_2.yaml substitutions: devicename: window_2 upper_devicename: Window 2 esphome: name: $devicename platform: ESP8266 board: d1_mini wifi: ssid: "xxx" password: "xxx" # Enable fallback hotspot (captive portal) in case wifi connection fails ap: ssid: "Window 2 Fallback Hotspot" password: "xxx" captive_portal: # web_server: # port: 80 # css_url: http://192.168.15.10:8123/local/webserver-v1.min.css # js_url: http://192.168.15.10:8123/local/webserver-v1.min.js # Enable Home Assistant API api: services: - service: control_stepper variables: target: int then: - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: !lambda 'return target;' # Enable OTA Access ota: # Enable verbose logging over serial logger: # physical connection stepper: - platform: uln2003 id: my_stepper pin_a: D0 pin_b: D5 pin_c: D6 pin_d: D7 max_speed: 250 steps/s sleep_when_done: true acceleration: inf deceleration: inf cover: - platform: template name: "Zhaliuzi 2" id: window2 device_class: blind open_action: - stepper.report_position: id: my_stepper position: 0 - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: -1800 close_action: - stepper.report_position: id: my_stepper position: 0 - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: 1800 stop_action: - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: !lambda return id(my_stepper).current_position; optimistic: true assumed_state: true # General device data sensor: - platform: uptime id: uptime_sec - platform: wifi_signal name: ${upper_devicename} WiFi Signal id: wifis_signal update_interval: 900s text_sensor: - platform: template name: ${upper_devicename} Uptime lambda: |- int seconds = (id(uptime_sec).state); int days = seconds / (24 * 3600); seconds = seconds % (24 * 3600); int hours = seconds / 3600; seconds = seconds % 3600; int minutes = seconds / 60; seconds = seconds % 60; return { (String(days) +"d " + String(hours) +"h " + String(minutes) +"m "+ String(seconds) +"s").c_str() }; icon: mdi:clock-start update_interval: 113s - platform: template name: ${upper_devicename} Wifi Strength icon: "mdi:wifi" lambda: |- if (id(wifis_signal).state > -50 ) { return {"Excellent"}; } else if (id(wifis_signal).state > -60) { return {"Good"}; } else if (id(wifis_signal).state > -70) { return {"Fair"}; } else if (id(wifis_signal).state < -70) { return {"Weak"}; } else { return {"None"}; } update_interval: 900s - platform: version name: ${upper_devicename} Version - platform: template name: ${upper_devicename} MAC Address lambda: 'return {WiFi.macAddress().c_str()};' icon: mdi:fingerprint update_interval: 1d switch: - platform: restart name: ${upper_devicename} Restart
window_3.yaml substitutions: devicename: window_3 upper_devicename: Window 3 esphome: name: $devicename platform: ESP8266 board: d1_mini wifi: ssid: "xxx" password: "xxx" # Enable fallback hotspot (captive portal) in case wifi connection fails ap: ssid: "Window 3 Fallback Hotspot" password: "xxx" captive_portal: # web_server: # port: 80 # css_url: http://192.168.15.10:8123/local/webserver-v1.min.css # js_url: http://192.168.15.10:8123/local/webserver-v1.min.js # Enable Home Assistant API api: services: - service: control_stepper variables: target: int then: - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: !lambda 'return target;' # Enable OTA Access ota: # Enable verbose logging over serial logger: # physical connection stepper: - platform: uln2003 id: my_stepper pin_a: D0 pin_b: D5 pin_c: D6 pin_d: D7 max_speed: 250 steps/s sleep_when_done: true acceleration: inf deceleration: inf cover: - platform: template name: "Zhaliuzi 3" id: window3 device_class: blind open_action: - stepper.report_position: id: my_stepper position: 0 - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: -1600 close_action: - stepper.report_position: id: my_stepper position: 0 - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: 1600 stop_action: - stepper.set_target: id: my_stepper target: !lambda return id(my_stepper).current_position; optimistic: true assumed_state: true # General device data sensor: - platform: uptime id: uptime_sec - platform: wifi_signal name: ${upper_devicename} WiFi Signal id: wifis_signal update_interval: 900s text_sensor: - platform: template name: ${upper_devicename} Uptime lambda: |- int seconds = (id(uptime_sec).state); int days = seconds / (24 * 3600); seconds = seconds % (24 * 3600); int hours = seconds / 3600; seconds = seconds % 3600; int minutes = seconds / 60; seconds = seconds % 60; return { (String(days) +"d " + String(hours) +"h " + String(minutes) +"m "+ String(seconds) +"s").c_str() }; icon: mdi:clock-start update_interval: 113s - platform: template name: ${upper_devicename} Wifi Strength icon: "mdi:wifi" lambda: |- if (id(wifis_signal).state > -50 ) { return {"Excellent"}; } else if (id(wifis_signal).state > -60) { return {"Good"}; } else if (id(wifis_signal).state > -70) { return {"Fair"}; } else if (id(wifis_signal).state < -70) { return {"Weak"}; } else { return {"None"}; } update_interval: 900s - platform: version name: ${upper_devicename} Version - platform: template name: ${upper_devicename} MAC Address lambda: 'return {WiFi.macAddress().c_str()};' icon: mdi:fingerprint update_interval: 1d switch: - platform: restart name: ${upper_devicename} Restart
3.将驱动器安装在百叶窗中
步进电机无法完全安装到百叶窗中，但是由于在我的情况下，步进电机没有被压在墙上，因此可以将部分电机从百叶窗的背面移入插槽。
电动百叶窗从Leroy Merlin
4.在窗户上安装结构
由于建筑商已经安装了百叶窗，所以我只能在窗户旁边安装一个装有微控制器和电源的盒子。 该电源不是最强大的电源，因为步进电机是串联打开的-首先是第一，然后是第二，然后是第三。 总运行时间约为20秒。
带有三个ESP8266的盒子和办公室墙上的电源
5.家庭助理自动关闭百叶窗的规则
当超过某个阈值时，百叶窗旋转90度，然后相应地向后旋转。
automations.yaml - alias: Covers OPEN trigger: - platform: numeric_state entity_id: sensor.osveshchennost_u_okna above: 0 below: 2500 condition: - condition: state entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_3 state: 'closed' - condition: state entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_2 state: 'closed' - condition: state entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_1 state: 'closed' action: - service: cover.open_cover data: entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_3 - delay: '00:00:06' - service: cover.open_cover data: entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_2 - delay: '00:00:06' - service: cover.open_cover data: entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_1 - alias: Covers CLOSE trigger: - platform: numeric_state entity_id: sensor.osveshchennost_u_okna above: 2501 below: 50000 condition: - condition: state entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_3 state: 'open' - condition: state entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_2 state: 'open' - condition: state entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_1 state: 'open' action: - service: cover.close_cover data: entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_3 - delay: '00:00:06' - service: cover.close_cover data: entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_2 - delay: '00:00:06' - service: cover.close_cover data: entity_id: cover.zhaliuzi_1
总结
这是一个用于百叶窗自动化的项目，该项目仅耗时，但组件本身并不昂贵。 该项目具有一定的优势。 最重要的优势：便宜。
但是也有缺点-ESP8266永远不知道百叶窗的当前位置。 有时，例如当轴滚动时，您必须通过按Home Assistant界面中的按钮将其手动调整到其初始位置。
PS完成工作后，他们告诉我，有特殊的连接套，可以使您牢固地连接电动机轴和百叶窗轴。 这样可以避免由于连接管紧固不充分而在当前情况下发生涡旋。
可以在GitHub上找到更多详细信息。
发表者： Mikhail Shardin ，
2019年12月17日